CYTOTOXICITY OF ARENOBUFAGIN AND ITS DERIVATIVES AGAINST H9c2 CELLS

«Farmatsiya» · № 5/2026 · с. 51–56

Mukhamedov Nurkhodja Ramazanovich, Kajtár Richard, Khakimov Makhmudjon Sobir ugli, Kayumov Muzaffar Bakhadirovich, Yashinov Ansor Sharofiddin ugli, Tashmukhamedov Mugrajitdin Salakhovich, Mirzaakhmedov Sharafitdin Yashinovich

Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Department of Biotechnology, Tashkent Institute of Chemical Technology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Abstract

Arenobufagin is a naturally occurring bufadienolide with diverse biological activities; however, its potential cardiotoxicity may limit its pharmacological application. In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of arenobufagin and two newly synthesized derivatives (Ar-004 and Ar-005) were evaluated in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cells using the MTT assay after 24 h of exposure. The tested compounds did not significantly affect cell viability at concentrations of 1 and 10 μM. In contrast, arenobufagin markedly reduced H9c2 cell viability at 100 μM, whereas both derivatives exhibited substantially lower cytotoxicity under the same experimental conditions. These findings suggest that structural modification of arenobufagin may reduce its cytotoxic effects on normal cardiac cells while preserving the need for further pharmacological investigation. Additional studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these observations and to comprehensively evaluate the safety profile of arenobufagin derivatives.

Keywords: arenobufagin; bufadienolides; H9c2 cells; cardiomyoblasts; cytotoxicity; MTT assay.

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